{"id":18639,"date":"2022-03-18T07:21:10","date_gmt":"2022-03-18T06:21:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/?page_id=18639"},"modified":"2026-06-11T16:47:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T14:47:12","slug":"publikationen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikationen\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"18639\" class=\"elementor elementor-18639\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85da047 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"85da047\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0212e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b0212e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d3aaf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d3aaf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Publikationen rund um das Thema Permakultur-Landwirtschaft<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65f6bc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65f6bc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Erg\u00e4nzende Hinweise und Informationen nehmen wir sehr gerne entgegen unter <a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/kontakt\/\">Kontakt<\/a>. Weitere Dokumente auf unserer Webseite sind <a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/dokumente\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2755\">hier<\/a> zu finden.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-705c140 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"705c140\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1170\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1170\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Weitere Webseiten mit interessanten Publikationen <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1170\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77afce0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"77afce0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1119475 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1119475\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Permakultur:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fermedubec.com\/la-recherche\/les-rapports-scientifiques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Diverse Arbeiten zur Ferme de Bec Hellouin in Frankreich<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>Agroforst:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.agroforst.ch\/publikationen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IG Agroforst (Schweiz)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroforst-info.de\/publikationen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deutscher Fachverband f\u00fcr Agroforstwirtschaft DeFAF<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroforst-info.de\/infothek\/abschlussarbeiten\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abschlussarbeiten und Dissertationen<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroforst-info.de\/klartext\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Klartext Forschung &#8211; Beleuchtung\u00a0 aktueller Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen aus wissenschaftlicher Fachliteratur zum Thema Agroforstwirtschaft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/euraf.isa.utl.pt\/resources\/thesis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Europ\u00e4ische Agroforst Vereinigung EURAF<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.agroforestry.co.uk\/about-us-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Agroforestry Research Trust (englisch)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98f454b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"98f454b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Unsere Sammlung an Publikationen und Forschungsarbeiten<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f99f0e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"f99f0e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"> \n\t\t \n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"my-flex-row\">\t\n        <form method=\"get\" class=\"publication-filter search-form\">\n\n            <input type=\"text\" name=\"q\" class=\"search-field\"\n\t\t\t   placeholder=\"Suche\"\n\t\t\t   value=\"\">\n\n\t\t\t<!--\n                            <select name=\"typ[]\" multiple size=\"5\">\n                                            <option value=\"Artikel\"\n                            >\n                            Artikel                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Bachelorarbeit\"\n                            >\n                            Bachelorarbeit                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Buch\"\n                            >\n                            Buch                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Buchkapitel\"\n                            >\n                            Buchkapitel                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Konferenz Artikel\"\n                            >\n                            Konferenz Artikel                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Masterarbeit\"\n                            >\n                            Masterarbeit                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Maturaarbeit\"\n                            >\n                            Maturaarbeit                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Poster\"\n                            >\n                            Poster                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Semesterarbeit\"\n                            >\n                            Semesterarbeit                        <\/option>\n                                            <option value=\"Thesis\"\n                            >\n                            Thesis                        <\/option>\n                                    <\/select>\n            \t\t\t<label><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"typ[]\" value=\"Buch\"> Buch<\/label>\n\t\t\t<label><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"typ[]\" value=\"Artikel\"> Artikel<\/label>\n\t\t\t--> \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"date-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<span>Von<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"date\" name=\"von\"\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"date-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<span>Bis<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"date\" name=\"bis\"\n\t\t\t\t\tvalue=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n            <button type=\"submit\" class=\"search-field\" >Filter<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikationen\/\"\n\t\t\t   class=\"filter-reset\">\n\t\t\t\tFilter zur\u00fccksetzen\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n        <\/form>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0319092 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0319092\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t117<span> Publikationen gefunden<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-272ad54 elementor-grid-1 elementor-grid-tablet-1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-grid\" data-id=\"272ad54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39637 post-39637 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-klimaresilient tag-regenerativ tag-weinbau\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/climate-resilient-regenerative-viticulture-and-winemaking-a-transdisciplinary-scoping-review\/\">Climate-Resilient Regenerative Viticulture and Winemaking: A Transdisciplinary Scoping Review<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmai 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEcocycles 12(1):64-75\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSzek\u00e9r, Zolt\u00e1n &amp; Fab\u00f3, Karl-Johan &amp; Matolcsi, R\u00e9ka &amp; Kov\u00e1cs, Barnab\u00e1s &amp; Balling, Peter &amp; Kneip, Antal &amp; Kreidlmayer, M\u00e1rta &amp; T\u00f3th, M\u00e1t\u00e9 &amp; Ol\u00e1h, Csaba &amp; Dr. Kiss, Istv\u00e1n &amp; Konkoly, Mih\u00e1ly &amp; Moln\u00e1r, P\u00e9ter &amp; Sz\u0171cs, P\u00e9ter &amp; K\u00f6peczi-B\u00f3cz, Tam\u00e1s &amp; Nemethy, Sandor\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClimate change is altering viticulture through interacting shifts in heat accumulation, water availability, radiation, soil processes, pest and pathogen pressure, wine composition, and the geography of suitable production areas. Existing reviews have treated many of these processes separately, leaving a gap in how regenerative and precision-supported adaptation can be evaluated as a coupled agroecosystem strategy. This transdisciplinary review synthesises literature on climate impacts and adaptation pathways in the vine and wine sector using a structured scoping\/narrative methodology. Searches of major scientific databases and grey-literature sources were organised around grapevine physiology, soil-water dynamics, biodiversity and biosecurity, cool-climate expansion, winemaking, decision support, and economics. Evidence was screened using explicit inclusion criteria and synthesised through a thematic framework linking climate drivers to agroecosystem functions and management responses. The review shows that robust adaptation is unlikely to arise from single interventions such as irrigation, variety substitution or digital monitoring alone. The highest resilience potential is found in integrated systems that combine soil organic matter restoration, reduced tillage, cover crops, habitat diversification and vitiforestry, adaptive plant material, organic\/IPM protection, precision irrigation, and AI-supported decision systems. However, the evidence base remains uneven, especially for long-term economic performance, trade-offs in dry regions, regulatory constraints on resistant cultivars, and field validation of digital tools. The paper contributes an analytical framework for regenerative, climate-resilient viticulture and identifies priority research needs for internationally relevant, economically viable and ecologically restorative wine production.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39640 post-39640 publikation type-publikation status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-regenerativ tag-weinbau\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/familia-torres-experience-in-the-implementation-of-regenerative-viticulture-in-spain-and-chile\/\">Familia Torres&#8216; experience in the implementation of regenerative viticulture in Spain and Chile<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c908b1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c908b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/familia-torres-experience-in-the-implementation-of-regenerative-viticulture-in-spain-and-chile\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"517\" src=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Nature-Based-Solutions-for-European-Vineyards-27-05-2026_10-08-19.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-39641\" alt=\"Nature-Based Solutions for European Vineyards Bookcover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Nature-Based-Solutions-for-European-Vineyards-27-05-2026_10-08-19.jpg 678w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Nature-Based-Solutions-for-European-Vineyards-27-05-2026_10-08-19-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Nature-Based-Solutions-for-European-Vineyards-27-05-2026_10-08-19-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBuchkapitel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmai 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMireia Torres, Eva Bertran, Mauro Sirvent, Josep Sabarich, Eduardo Jordan, Marc Pascual, Montse Catas\u00fas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis chapter shares experiences of Familia Torres who has been producing wines for over 150 years and is currently managing approximately 1,100 ha of vineyards in Spain, around 50% of which is under regenerative farming, and approximately 300 ha of vineyards in Chile, all of which are organic certified. Regenerative viticulture has significantly resulted in reduced tillage, increased use of cover crops and organic matter (biomass from cover crops and compost), and introduction of animals in the vineyards. This chapter presents results from three projects related to regenerative viticulture that confirmed progressive changes in soil regeneration, including reduction in erosion, improvement in soil structure, greater water retention capacity, increase in organic carbon sequestration, and higher biological activity with a greater abundance of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, archaea) that help decompose organic matter and nourish the vineyard. The results show that positive results due to the adoption of regenerative practices can help in a transformative change in all the vineyards of Familia Torres in the coming years.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39538 post-39538 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-agrooekologie tag-multidimensional\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/the-multidimensional-performance-of-agroecology-what-we-know-and-what-we-are-yet-to-learn\/\">The multidimensional performance of agroecology: What we know and what we are yet to learn<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmai 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFrontiers in Agronomy &#8211; Agroecological Cropping Systems\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d9198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d9198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCenter for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF), Agroecology and Environment Research Unit ISARA\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMatthias Samuel Geck, Alexander Wezel, Amadou Oury Diallo, Cecilia Elizondo, Helena Freitas, Alexandros Tataridas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgroecology has been hailed as &#8218;the ultimate and most comprehensive solution to the many challenges of the agricultural and food system&#8216; (Ewert et al. 2023, p. 351). Yet, limited evidence for the actual contribution of agroecology to achieving societal goals particulalry economic benefits for farmers has often been referred to as a critical barrier for its wider adoption as well as for large-scale financial and institutional support (e.g. Ahmad and K\u00f6pke, 2024;Fischer et al. 2025;Mugwanya, 2019;Oteros-Rozas et al. 2019;van der Ploeg et al. 2019).A growing number of countries across the world are adopting public policies on agroecology or to scale agroecological practices (e.g. France in 2014, Benin in 2022, Tanzania in 2023, Kenya andVietnam in 2024, Cuba in 2025). In this light there is an urgent need to develop appropriate methodologies to collect evidence on how the implementation of national strategies or policies shape food system transformation and how they affect the achievement of societal goals and national priorities. In a bibliometric analysis of scientific production at the interface of public policies and agroecology, Gervazio et al (2025) found that while there has been a significant growth in related publications yet they largely focus on the agronomic and environmental aspects of agroecology with socio-economic research being limited.This notwithstanding, in this opinion article we argue that due to a number of recent publications there is no longer a lack of evidence on the performance of agroecology per se but that critical knowledge gaps persist that require concerted efforts by the scientific community to support evidence-based agroecological transitions. Before the publication of the 10 Elements and 13 Principles, agroecology has been variously defined as a science, a movement, and a set of agricultural practices (Wezel et al. 2009). Agroecological farming practices and their combinations include crop rotation, intercropping, mulching, composting, cover cropping, and the integration of trees and livestock in cropping systems among many others (Wezel et al. 2014). The adoption of a greater number of agroecological practices by agroecological farmers has been positively associated with the provision of a wider range of ecosystem services within farming systems, compared to conventional farmers, who often rely more on a narrower set of practices, approaches, and tools (Palomo-Campesino et al. 2022). While the suitability and performance of such practices are highly context-specific, recent studies, reviews and meta-analyses demonstrate that individual agroecological practices and particularly combinations of them result in positive socio-economic as well as environmental outcomes. Faure et al. (2024) summarize the growing body of reviews and meta studies that assess the contribution of agroecological practices to food security and ecosystem service provision. Thus, Bezner Kerr et al. (2021) highlight that 78% of the 56 reviewed studies showed positive food security and nutrition outcomes from agroecological practices. Dittmer et al. (2023) in a review of 50 articles found that agroecological practices support climate change adaptation without compromising productivity, with crop yields being higher in 63% of agroecological treatments compared with conventional practices as baseline. Mouratiadou et al. (2024), based on a review of 80 articles, found that in 53% of cases agroecological practices are associated with positive socio-economic outcomes, mainly for income, revenue, income stability, and decreased production costs, compared to 30% cases with negative outcomes (which were mainly on labour costs and labour availability). Additional sources summarized by Faure et al. (2024) provide large-scale evidence on the productivity and environmental performance of individual practices, such as agroforestry, legume intercropping, crop rotation, and biochar application. Moreover, agroecology can make a significant contribution to climate change mitigation. In a recent global review, based on 138 articles with evidence, it was found that use of multiple agroecological practices outperformed conventional farming both in sequestering carbon in the soil (outperformed very strongly) and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (for most gases, although many comparisons were neutral or inconclusive) (Wezel et al. 2025a). Similar findings are stated by Blaix et al. (2026) in a meta-analysis of agroecology&#8217;s impact on biodiversity and climate change mitigation with a focus on Europe. They found that soil C storage and N2O mitigation increase, but not CH4 and CO2 mitigation. Moreover, agroecological interventions increased biodiversity of all studied functional groups.Madsen et al. ( 2025) specifically focused on the African continent in their review of scientific literature available on the contribution of agroecological practices to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their review concluded that 79% of the 104 articles analyzed, provided evidence for agroecological practices positively impacting on a minimum of two SDGs. Focusing on India, Berger et al (2025) assessed the multidimensional performance of the &#8218;largest agroecological transition globally&#8216; concluding that the Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) programme succeeded in increasing farming households&#8216; profits by more than two-fold while creating significant environmental benefits aligned with the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). Since the seminal FAO (2018) and HLPE (2019) publications, agroecology is generally defined as a transformative food system approach guided by 10 Elements and 13 Principles (Wezel et al. 2020).The Elements and Principles go beyond farming practices and capture the economic, environmental, political, and socio-cultural dimensions of agroecology in addition to its agronomic aspects. This has important implications for the assessments of the multidimensional performance of agroecology. While agroecological practices alone may provide numerous economic, environmental and social benefits to farming communities and the wider society, arguably agroecology only develops its full transformative potential and demonstrates it true impact when defined by the 10 Elements or 13 Principles. Over the course of the past few years a multitude of tools and frameworks have been developed and applied that allow for the assessment of the performance of agroecology based on a more holistic definition, as reviewed by Geck et al. (2023).The most widely used of these tools so far is FAO&#8217;s Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE) (Mottet et al. 2020). While the high diversity of application approaches and contexts of TAPEdo not yet allow for a robust systematic analysis of the results derived from its application with over 10&#8217;000 households across the world, a growing number of TAPE studies are being published. To date, the most comprehensive TAPE study is Adoyo et al.&#8217;s (2025) application of the tool with 839 households in Benin, Ethiopia, Kenya and Madagascar. Their study shows a significant positive correlation between the integration of the 10 Elements of Agroecology and performance parameters including i) household food security and dietary diversity; ii) overall farm productivity; iii) household income; iv) soil health; v) agrobiodiversity; and vi) farmers&#8216; exposure to pesticides. The study did not, however, identify any significant correlations between agroecology scores and value addition, women&#8217;s and youth empowerment nor did the methodology allow for analyzing causality between agroecological integration and performance. These results are largely corroborated by another major TAPE study with 619 farming households in Ethiopia (Wordofa et al. 2024). In this study, agroecology scores correlated positively with nearly all performance criteria assessed by TAPE. Several other TAPE studies find positive correlations between agroecological integration and a range of economic, environmental and social performance criteria in highly diverse contexts (e.g. El Mujtar et al. 2023;Gharbi et al. 2025;Lucantoni et al. 2023;Savels et al. 2024;Su\u00e1rez-C\u00f3rdoba et al. 2025). Yet, all these studies also found that for certain performance criteria agroecology scores do not show positive correlations and in some instances also negative correlations. This highlights that agroecology is not a panacea and that effects of agroecological integration remain highly dependent on the respective context. Further, as to date there is no standardized methodology for analyzing TAPE and the thousands of TAPE datasets have never been synthesized, the cumulative evidence is not accessible in a useful format to decision makers at global level. FAO is currently addressing these issues through the TAPE+ project (FAO, 2026).To complement evidence derived from TAPE, the CGIAR Agroecology Initiative has developed the Holistic Localized Performance Assessment (HOLPA) tool and applied it on an initial set of 1979 farming households in eight tropical and subtropical countries (Jones et al. 2024). Initial results from 204 dairy farms in Burkina Faso demonstrate that more agroecological farms, as assessed through the 13 HLPE Principles, are on average performing better across agronomic, economic, environmental, and social criteria (Orounladji et al. 2025).Among the other tools available to assess specifically the performance of Agroecology, Agroecology Europe&#8217;s Original Agroecological Survey and Indicator System (OASIS) and the handbook for the evaluation of agroecology developed by the French working group on agroecological transitions (GTAE) are particularly prominent. OASIS has been applied to organic and conventional farms in three European countries (Wezel et al. 2025b). It showed that when farms scored higher in implementation of agroecological practices, as well as in environment\/biodiversity, social-political aspects and resilience dimensions, they also performed better in the economic viability dimension. In another study in Italy, Guglielmo et al. (2025) applied OASIS to rice farming under climate stress. Results from application of the GTAE methodology are not yet available but will certainly enrich our understanding of agroecology&#8217;s contribution to holistic sustainability of agrifood systems. As a transdisciplinary science, agroecology values the co-creation of knowledge and the integration of multiple perspectives and forms of evidence. It brings together scientific research, traditional and local knowledge, and experiential learning to design and manage sustainable food systems adapted to local contexts (FAO, 2018;Gliessman, 2018). This approach emphasizes participatory processes involving farmers, researchers, and communities, fostering collective innovation and context-specific solutions that strengthen ecological, economic, and social resilience (HLPE, 2019;Wezel et al., 2020). Central to agroecological transitions is co-creation of knowledge with diverse stakeholders and an eye-level dialogue of different knowledge systems (Brock et al. 2024;M\u00e9ndez et al. 2012). In reflecting on the performance of agroecology, it is hence critical to not limit ourselves to peer-reviewed scientific evidence but to also consider empirical evidence grounded in local practice and knowledge (Fischer et al. 2025). For instance, the Agroecology Fund and Stats4SD (2024) rely on grassroots evidence for agroecology to demonstrate positive economic, environmental, nutritional, and social outcomes of agroecology through case studies from Uganda, Mexico and Brazil assessed by local communities through participatory and reflective methodologies. Similarly, the Alliance Sufosec (2024), in partnership with around 300 civil society organizations and scientific support from ETH Zurich and the University of Bern, assessed food security and nutrition outcomes of practicing agroecology in around 10&#8217;000 households in 15 countries. Their results showed that households that apply at least three agroecological practices have a 34% reduced risk of hunger and a 20% reduction in malnutrition. Also, the Alliance for Food Sovereignty in Africa (AFSA, 2018) analyzed the contribution of agroecology to the SDGs based on 50 case studies and found that in all cases agroecology had a positive impact on SDG2 on ending hunger, in most cases positive effects were found on ten of the 17 SDGs, and in none of the cases was there any negative effect of agroecology on any of the SDGs. While in these publications the line is often blurry between evidence-based assessments and advocacy, the codeveloped evidence on performance is highly meaningful for the communities and actors involved and allow them to adaptively manage their own context-specific agroecological transitions. The various participatory methodologies should ensure that peasant and local communities, and Indigenous Peoples are engaged as active co-creators in research processes, rather than being treated solely as input providers to siloed research frameworks. Current evidence shows that agroecology generates multiple environmental, social, economic, and nutritional benefits. However, major gaps persist in understanding and comparing its multidimensional performance across contexts (HLPE, 2019;Wezel et al., 2020). The lack of standardized metrics\/indicators, long-term datasets, and causal\/robust analyses limits insights into productivity, soil health, climate resilience, and socio-economic trade-offs (Bezner Kerr et al., 2021). Evidence on agroecology&#8217;s impacts on nutrition, health, gender equity, and scaling dynamics remains particularly limited (IPES-Food, 2016;FAO, 2018). Addressing these gaps requires harmonized indicators, participatory and transdisciplinary research approaches, and enabling governance to capture and strengthen its transformative potential (Mouratiadou et al., 2024). Future research should therefore prioritize robust, multi-site assessments, comparative policy studies, and co-creation approaches that ensure equitable and context-sensitive outcomes.Further, the existing evidence base remains scattered and in certain cases of questionable scientific robustness. With multiple tools available for assessing agroecology and its performance, there is a growing need for increasing data interoperability, harmonizing existing assessments, and presenting the information in coherent manners and formats that are meaningful for diverse stakeholders, including farmers, policymakers, and advisory services.While the emerging evidence on the contribution of agroecology to food security, nutrition, economic development and environmental sustainability is compelling, there is scarce and sometimes negative evidence on agroecology&#8217;s role in increasing farmers&#8216; and indigenous communities&#8216; agency as well as empowering women and youth. Dedicated methodologies and targeted studies are therefore crucial to assess whether agroecology delivers on its social and transformative promises and, if not, how concepts, practices, and implementation strategies may need to be modified to better address these critical dimensions. (Behl et al. 2024;Fiore et al. 2024;Rietveld et al. 2025).Further, while there is quite a robust evidence-base on the correlation between agroecological integration and multidimensional performance, most studies fall short of establishing causality. Therefore, it is not clear whether enhanced integration of agroecology results in improved performance or better performing farming households are in a better position to integrate agroecological practices, elements, and principles. Additionally, there is a dearth of evidence on exactly which aspects of agroecology correlate with which performance variables under which conditions (Girard et al. 2025).Generating such contextualized evidence is critical for enabling targeted advice for decision making and advisory services in line with the options by context approach (Sinclair and Coe, 2019).Finally, although several agroecology elements and principles largely become operational at a landscape, territorial or food system level, the majority of existing assessment approaches and therefore the lion&#8217;s share of existing evidence is on farm or household level\/scale (Fiore et al. 2024). This highlights an urgent need for dedicated methodologies to assess the performance of agroecology at a landscape or food system level. In light of growing policy support for agroecology, understanding its contribution to societal goals at territorial, regional,national, and global food system levels is increasingly critical (Tataridas and Freitas, 2024), particularly amid recurring and interconnected challenges, shocks, market disruptions, and extreme climate events. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. MSG and AW conceptualized the article. MSG wrote the majority of the first draft of the article. AW, AOD, CE, HF, and AT contibuted to the writing, revising, refining and finalizing the article.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39593 post-39593 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-agraroekologie tag-europa\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/mapping-the-development-of-agroecology-in-europe-volume-3\/\">Mapping the development of agroecology in Europe &#8211; Volume 3<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBuch\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Wezel, Alexander; Grard, Baptiste; Kamilia, Kintan; Dauby, Vincent\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgroecology is gaining increasing recognition at a global level, with countries establishing new policies or laws relating to agroecology. Moreover, the world-wide Agroecology Coalition was set up to foster the development of agroecology At the European level, the European Partnership for Agroecology Living Labs and Infrastructure is a notable programme that began in 2024. It includes the establishment of a network of living labs and the European Panel for the Transition to Agroecology, which aims to engage with policymakers and calls for funding projects in applied agroecological research.Agroecology is a holistic concept that embraces a diversity of interpretations, intentions, and realities dependent on the country, context, history, stakeholders, and socio-political environment. To scale up agroecology, it is critical to document and analyse its development in different contexts. This is a necessary step to attain larger insights about the state of play in agroecology, as well as to support its expansion and use at the policy level. The \u201cMapping of agroecology in Europe\u201d is aimed to provide an overview of the reality of agroecology in different European countries. This third volume covers 9 new countries: Belgium, Czech Republic, Latvia, Luxembourg, Norwa, Poland, Slovakia, Serbia and Switzerland. This adds to the 24 countries already mapped in the first two volumes of the country report series (Wezel et al. 2023, 2024).\r\n\r\nThis mapping is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to provide an overview and key information to help build a common understanding of agroecology and its development at the European level.This volume identifies various initiatives, cases, examples, and programmes related to five different activity categories: Practice, Science, Movement, Living Labs, and Education and Training. Moreover, it provides an overview about the current state of agroecology in each country and the barriers and perspectives for the future development of agroecology in Europe.\r\n\r\nThe mapping was carried out under the Agroecology for Europe (AE4EU) Horizon 2020 project and beyond, and through a LIFE operating grant. It involved many organisations and mappers who conducted research in European countries. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39296 post-39296 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-disertation tag-erntemaschinen tag-ki tag-mischkulturanbau\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/einsatz-von-ki-gestuetzter-computer-vision-in-erntemaschinen-des-mischkulturanbaus\/\">Einsatz von KI-gest\u00fctzter Computer Vision in Erntemaschinen des Mischkulturanbaus<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThesis\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSchriftenreihe Rationalisierung (200)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d9198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d9198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFIR e. V. an der RWTH Aachen\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTim Benedikt Walter\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNachhaltiger wirtschaften, ohne Ertr\u00e4ge und Effizienz zu verlieren \u2013 diese Doppelanforderung pr\u00e4gt die moderne Landwirtschaft. Der Mischkulturanbau, also der gemeinsame Anbau mehrerer Kulturarten, bietet daf\u00fcr \u00fcberzeugende Hebel: bessere Ressourcennutzung, stabilere B\u00f6den und mehr Biodiversit\u00e4t bei geringerem D\u00fcnge- und Pflanzenschutzmitteleinsatz. In der industriellen Praxis bleibt das Potenzial jedoch oft ungenutzt, weil die Ernte zum Engpass wird: Konventionelle Maschinen sind f\u00fcr Reinkulturen optimiert und geraten an Grenzen, sobald unterschiedliche Pflanzen gleichzeitig erkannt, getrennt, geerntet und verarbeitet werden m\u00fcssen.\r\n\r\nDiese Dissertation adressiert genau diese L\u00fccke. Sie zeigt, wie KI\u2011gest\u00fctzte Computer Vision als Schl\u00fcsseltechnologie die industrielle Ernte von Mischkulturen erm\u00f6glichen kann, und stellt daf\u00fcr ein praxisorientiertes Bewertungsinstrument f\u00fcr Landmaschinenhersteller, Agrarrobotik\u2011Teams und Softwareentwickler bereit. Im Zentrum steht eine systematische Technologiebewertung, die die Anforderungen k\u00fcnftiger Mischkultur\u2011Erntemaschinen transparent macht und Computer\u2011Vision\u2011F\u00e4higkeiten gezielt daran spiegelt.\r\n\r\nDazu werden zun\u00e4chst industrielle Mischkultur\u2011Ernteanwendungsf\u00e4lle typisiert und in drei Erntetypen \u00fcberf\u00fchrt. Auf dieser Basis leitet die Arbeit Funktionsstrukturen f\u00fcr Erntemaschinen ab und bewertet sie mithilfe einer Wirkungsmatrix gegen\u00fcber vier funktionalen F\u00e4higkeiten der KI\u2011gest\u00fctzten Computer Vision. Die Analyse zeigt differenzierte Einsatzpotenziale: W\u00e4hrend der Mehrwert bei reinkulturnahen Mischkulturernten begrenzt ist, kann Computer Vision bei segmentierten Polykulturen insbesondere durch optische Sortierung zur Kernfunktion werden. Das gr\u00f6\u00dfte Potenzial liegt bei hochdiversen Mischkulturen \u2013 von pr\u00e4ziser Umwelterfassung \u00fcber autonome Entscheidungen bis zur Koordination kleiner, kooperierender Maschinen.\r\n\r\nZwei industrielle Fallstudien belegen die Anwendbarkeit und den Nutzen im Produktentwicklungsprozess: Anforderungen sch\u00e4rfen, Funktionen priorisieren, Technologieoptionen vergleichen und Entwicklungsentscheidungen beschleunigen. Damit liefert die Arbeit einen belastbaren Rahmen, um Innovationen in der Erntetechnik f\u00fcr den Mischkulturanbau systematisch und effizient voranzutreiben.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39235 post-39235 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-boden tag-microbial-diversity tag-vitiforst tag-weinbau\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/vitiforestry-management-enhances-soil-microbial-activity-and-microbial-community-diversity-in-soil-and-roots-compared-to-conventional-vineyard\/\">Vitiforestry management enhances soil microbial activity and microbial community diversity in soil and roots compared to conventional vineyard<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcdd99c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcdd99c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/vitiforestry-management-enhances-soil-microbial-activity-and-microbial-community-diversity-in-soil-and-roots-compared-to-conventional-vineyard\/\">Evidence from five adjacent plots in a smallscaletrial in the Cognac region (France)<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tC\u00e9lien Durney, Elise Robbe, Louise Vedrenne, Julie Genestier, Daniel Wipf, Xavier Poitou &amp; Pierre-Emmanuel Courty \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn viticultural systems, agricultural intensification has often led to altered microbial diversity and functionality, resulting in degraded soil quality and resilience. This study aimed to assess, over a one-year period and at a single sampling time point, the effects of contrasting management practices, including sustainable practices such as vitiforestry, which integrates trees into vineyards, on microbial communities and soil biological functions. These effects were compared with those observed under conventional viticulture and in two additional systems: a fallow land and a farmland (managed under a crop rotation between Poaceae and Asteraceae). We analyzed microbial (bacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and nematode communities in both soil and root compartments, as well as enzymatic activities involved in key nutrient cycles.\r\n\r\nThe vitiforestry plot exhibited higher levels of organic matter, carbon, and nitrogen, along with increased enzymatic activity, particularly for enzymes involved in phosphorus and carbon cycling. In terms of enzymatic activity and soil moisture, the vitiforestry system resembled a more stable ecosystem, such as a fallow-land. Microbial diversity was greater in this system, with distinct bacterial and fungal communities compared to those observed under conventional viticulture. Soil fungal communities were especially responsive to management practices, with higher species richness under vitiforestry. In contrast, root-associated fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities were more homogeneous across management systems.\r\n\r\nThese results indicate that vitiforestry improves soil biological activity and microbial diversity compared to other practices. This highlights its potential as a sustainable viticultural practice aligned with agroecological principles.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39280 post-39280 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-agroforst tag-allometric-relationship tag-carbon tag-tree-growth\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/allometric-relationships-used-in-the-carat-and-acorn-tools-to-assess-evolution-of-tree-biomass-and-tree-carbon-storage-over-time-for-19-tree-species-in-temperate-agroforestry\/\">Allometric relationships used in the CARAT and ACORN tools to assess evolution of tree biomass and tree carbon storage over time for 19 tree species in temperate agroforestry<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d9198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d9198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInstitute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Pardon, Paul; Reubens, Bert; Vanneste, Thomas; Vandenheede, Emma; Coussement, Tom\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgroforestry is receiving increasing attention in temperate agricultural systems as a promising agroecological practice. It can contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as greater diversity and resilience on the farm. Additionally, agroforestry provides opportunities to compensate for lower crop yields through the production of wood, fruit, or nuts.\r\nSeveral calculation tools (see also DigitAF tool catalogue) have been developed to quantitatively assess ecosystem services and\/or productivity within agroforestry systems, among others the CARAT and ACORN tools, which are part of the \u201cAgroforestry Planner Flanders\u201d.\r\nACORN supports the design of agroforestry systems by combining simulations of crop yields, crop quality, and wood production with an economic evaluation. The tool focuses on alley-cropping systems and simulates yields over a ten-year period following the establishment of the alley-cropping system.\r\nCARAT (CARbon Agroforestry Tool) was developed to quantify the carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems. It currently focuses on high stem trees in alley cropping or silvopastoral systems.\r\nBoth tools require calculation of the (temporal evolution of) tree biomass, for which we use allometric relationships based on the diameter at breast height (DBH). This is done in two steps: (1) predicting the development of DBH as a function of time, and (2) calculating biomass based on the estimated DBH using allometric relations and species-specific wood density values.\r\nNext, also the (temporal evolution of) carbon storage in tree biomass can ultimately be determined by multiplying the total above-ground biomass by a factor of 47% (a typical value used for trees in temperate forests; IPCC 2006).\r\nIn this brief overview, we share the allometric relationships which are currently (April 2026) used for 19 tree species in temperate regions. We also add the exemplary calculation for an individual Poplar and Walnut tree, for the first twenty years after planting. Note that we currently also continue to collect empirical data in real-farm agroforestry context, so as to further calibrate these relationships in the near future.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39214 post-39214 publikation type-publikation status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-agroforst tag-forschung tag-umfrage tag-windschutz\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/windbreaks-in-the-united-states\/\">Windbreaks in the United States<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcdd99c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcdd99c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/windbreaks-in-the-united-states\/\">Results from the National Agroforestry Producer Survey<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c908b1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c908b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/windbreaks-in-the-united-states\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"685\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/20206409_us_agroforestry_survey.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-39215\" alt=\"Windbreaks in the United States\" srcset=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/20206409_us_agroforestry_survey.webp 685w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/20206409_us_agroforestry_survey-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/20206409_us_agroforestry_survey-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgroforest Syst 100, 112 (2026)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMatthew M. Smith, Kristin Floress, Todd Kellerman, Gary Bentrup, Katherine MacFarland, Mark Batcheler &amp; Lord Ameyaw\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWindbreaks are an agroforestry practice that have been used extensively in the United States for centuries. Researchers have investigated why producers use windbreaks through regional surveys; however, no national analysis has been conducted on windbreak extent or adoption, limiting understanding of key information needed to guide technical assistance and research. To address this knowledge gap, the National Agroforestry Producer Survey was conducted. The survey was completed by 5682 producers with agroforestry (52% response rate). This study provides results from the 2734 producers who reported using windbreaks, one of the five agroforestry practices covered in the survey. Windbreak use spanned all farm size classes and regions. Windbreak acreage per farm averaged 10.2 acres (4.1 hectares) equivalent to roughly 3.8% of land area per farm with the practice. Producers reported using farmstead (60%), livestock (48%), boundary (47%), and field windbreaks (43%), along with hedgerows (40%) and living snow fences (13%). Key benefits for each windbreak type differed and corresponded to the primary function for which that windbreak type was designed. Across windbreak types, the most frequently cited challenge was wildlife damage to trees. Over 85% of producers also reported harvesting crops and products from their windbreaks, with 33% selling crops and products from windbreak vegetation, and 79% using crops and products for personal or on-farm use. Most operations established windbreaks at least 15 years prior to the survey, and 87% of producers reported a desire to maintain or expand the acres they have in windbreaks.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39225 post-39225 publikation type-publikation status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-agraroekologie tag-grossflaechig tag-studie\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/transforming-large-scale-agricultural-landscapes-in-central-and-eastern-europe\/\">Transforming large-scale agricultural landscapes in Central and Eastern Europe<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcdd99c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcdd99c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/transforming-large-scale-agricultural-landscapes-in-central-and-eastern-europe\/\">A pathway toward sustainable agroecology<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c908b1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c908b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/transforming-large-scale-agricultural-landscapes-in-central-and-eastern-europe\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"557\" src=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/transforming-large-scale-to-agroecology-1-s2.0-S0167880926001957-gr1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-39226\" alt=\"Grafik zu Studie betreffend Agrar\u00f6kologie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/transforming-large-scale-to-agroecology-1-s2.0-S0167880926001957-gr1.jpg 700w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/transforming-large-scale-to-agroecology-1-s2.0-S0167880926001957-gr1-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/transforming-large-scale-to-agroecology-1-s2.0-S0167880926001957-gr1-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment, Volume 405, 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d9198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d9198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMTA\u2013HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tP\u00e9ter Bat\u00e1ry, Christina Fischer\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAgricultural intensification at local and landscape scales has led to significant biodiversity loss, adversely affecting ecosystem services. Agricultural areas of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are particularly vulnerable, as their large, homogeneous croplands, which emerged during collectivisation, are highly susceptible to climate change impacts, especially droughts. This opinion paper underscores that land-use and climate change drive necessary agroecological transformations particularly in CEE countries. Evaluating and integrating transformation pathways are crucial for a comprehensive landscape-scale redesign that can buffer the impacts of current and future climate change. We emphasise the importance of shifting towards climate-smart agroecology and transforming large-scale agriculture landscapes in CEE countries. Such transformation is vital to maintain stable production as well as farmland biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The process requires rapid, innovative, multidisciplinary, and multi-stakeholder approaches that integrate insights from ecology, economics, social and climate science. We discuss policy directions and practical recommendations to support this transition, including promoting sustainable farming practices through increased subsidies beyond current standalone agri-environment schemes. Additionally, fostering farmer collaboration for resource management and advancing climate-resilient technology research are essential. Education programs must highlight biodiversity-friendly practices\u2019 benefits, while collaboration among policymakers, scientists, and farmers can help tailor innovative solutions to regional needs. Our approach aims to guide sustainable agricultural development, ensuring CEE countries can adapt effectively to environmental challenges.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39483 post-39483 publikation type-publikation status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-agroforst tag-frankreich tag-soziooekonomie tag-weinbau\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/analysis-of-the-socio-environmental-impacts-of-agroforestry-in-vineyards-of-southwestern-france-in-the-context-of-climate-change\/\">Analysis of the Socio-environmental Impacts of Agroforestry in Vineyards of Southwestern France, in the Context of Climate Change<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c908b1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c908b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/analysis-of-the-socio-environmental-impacts-of-agroforestry-in-vineyards-of-southwestern-france-in-the-context-of-climate-change\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" src=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/20260401_agroforst_wein.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-39485\" alt=\"Agroforst in Weinreben in S\u00fcdfrankreich\" srcset=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/20260401_agroforst_wein.jpeg 700w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/20260401_agroforst_wein-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/20260401_agroforst_wein-18x12.jpeg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMasterarbeit\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tavril 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d9198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d9198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWageningen University\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAli\u00e9nor Dirckx\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClimate change is leading to shifts in the suitability of regions for winegrowing globally (Moriondo et al., 2013). Changes in temperature and precipitation trends are influencing grapevine phenology, leading to yield loss and altered wine taste (Van Leeuwen et al., 2024). Therefore, winegrowers must opt for climate-resilient viticultural practices to preserve their production over time.\r\nAgroforestry is a nature-based solution that can provide ecosystem services essential for mitigating the impacts of climate change on agriculture. Recent studies have shown that agroforestry in vineyards, also termed vitiforestry, can protect grapevine production under extreme heat and drought (Bourgade et al., 2020; Grimaldi, 2018). However, the extent to which winegrowers experience such benefits has not yet been researched.\r\nHence, this study aims to assess the capacity of agroforestry in mitigating the socio-environmental effects of climate change on vineyards by identifying the potential impacts of vitiforestry on a winegrower\u2019s livelihood compared to monocultural vineyards. It focuses on the South West of France, a globally recognised winegrowing region that is at severe risk of losing land suitability for winegrowing under climate change (Moriondo et al., 2013).\r\nInsights from surveys and interviews with winegrowers, as well as from the literature, suggested that vitiforestry could enhance vineyard resilience in the context of climate change. Vitiforestry was found to provide a range of ecosystem services that monoculture systems do not, such as natural pest control, water management and microclimate regulation. However, there are economic and social barriers that must be overcome to facilitate its widespread adoption. Results showed that vitiforestry is more expensive than monoculture due to the high implementation costs. Nonetheless, vitiforestry winegrowers could sell their trees\u2019 products and apply for subsidies to increase their short-term revenues. Finally, survey responses showed that winegrowers perceive climate change as a serious threat to their grape production. Most respondents were aware of vitiforestry and expressed interest in adopting it if sufficient evidence of its benefits for a vineyard\u2019s ecological resilience is provided.\r\nTherefore, to support the adoption of vitiforestry at a larger scale, more financial and social incentives must be initiated. This can be achieved by creating spaces for knowledge-sharing, developing more efficient government subsidies and boosting demand for vitiforestry wines on the market.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-39232 post-39232 publikation type-publikation status-publish hentry tag-forschung tag-mulch tag-wein\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/weed-control-effect-of-different-organic-mulches-inmediterranean-vineyards\/\">Weed Control Effect of Different Organic Mulches inMediterranean Vineyards<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmars 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWeed Research, 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDiego Barranco-Elena, Jordi Recasens, Jordi Llorens-Calveras, Alexandre Escol\u00e0, B\u00e0rbara Baraibar\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWeeds are a major constraint in Mediterranean organic vineyards, where tillage is the dominant under-vine management practice but entails high labour costs and negative environmental impacts. This study evaluated the effectiveness of four organic mulches derived from local agro-industrial by-products (almond shells, almond peels, walnut shells and wine pomace) compared with conventional tillage over two growing seasons in irrigated vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in NE Spain. Weed cover was monitored monthly and analysed at the community level, together with soil properties, mulch persistence and vine canopy structure, which was assessed using LiDAR. Lignified mulches (almond and walnut shells and almond peels) consistently suppressed annual weeds (&lt; 5% cover) across both years, whereas tilled plots exhibited recurrent flushes and wine pomace allowed higher weed emergence. In contrast, perennial weeds, particularly Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., progressively dominated all mulched plots, eroding treatment differences by the end of the trial. The indicator species analysis confirmed distinct associations: disturbance-adapted annuals (e.g., Chenopodium album L., Sonchus asper L. Hill) with tillage, and aggressive perennials (C. dactylon, Convolvulus arvensis L.) with mulches. Mulch decomposition rate influenced performance: persistent shells provided long-term suppression, while fast-decomposing wine pomace mulch enhanced canopy vigour but lost effectiveness against weeds sooner. Soil chemistry at 0\u201315 cm was only marginally affected. Overall, organic mulches offer a sustainable alternative to tillage for annual weeds and can improve vine growth but must be integrated with complementary strategies to limit perennials. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"39405\" class=\"elementor elementor-39405 e-loop-item e-loop-item-38774 post-38774 publikation type-publikation status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-agroforestry tag-ruminant-nutrition tag-salix-atrocinerea tag-short-rotation-coppicing tag-silage-quality tag-springer tag-weide tag-willow-leaves\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32818b1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32818b1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a35687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a35687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5d99b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5d99b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7806d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7806d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/use-of-willow-salix-sp-biomass-as-tree-fodder-nutritional-value-and-conservation-methods\/\">Use of willow (Salix sp) biomass as tree fodder: nutritional value and conservation methods<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c908b1 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4c908b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/publikation\/use-of-willow-salix-sp-biomass-as-tree-fodder-nutritional-value-and-conservation-methods\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"685\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/willow_fodder_10457_2026_1486_Figa_HTML.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-38775\" alt=\"Grafik aus Studie Weide als Futter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/willow_fodder_10457_2026_1486_Figa_HTML.webp 685w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/willow_fodder_10457_2026_1486_Figa_HTML-300x170.webp 300w, https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/willow_fodder_10457_2026_1486_Figa_HTML-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83db29 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b83db29\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6cfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb6cfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tArtikel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76e998b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76e998b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmars 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cadf5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9cadf5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23eaa46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23eaa46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Agroforestry Systems Volume 100, article number 106, (2026)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b63099 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b63099\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9ff5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c9ff5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSonia Pereira-Crespo, Pilar Gago, Adri\u00e1n Botana, Marcos Veiga, Juan Castro, Laura Gonz\u00e1lez, Mar\u00eda del Pilar Mart\u00ednez-Diz, C\u00e9sar Resch, Dalia A. Plata-Reyes, Roberto Lorenzana &amp; Gonzalo Flores-Calvete\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3931f88 publication-abstract elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3931f88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis study evaluated the nutritional value and different methods of conservation of two willow materials\u2014the hybrid clone Terra Nova (HTN) from a short\u2011rotation coppice (SRC) system and the native Salix atrocinerea (SAT) from riparian stand\u2014representing contrasting willow resources available in the study region. The leaf fraction (LE)\u2014although representing\u2009\u20095.0 in untreated silages). Willow leaf silages achieved CP levels of 18\u201322% DM (up to 27.8% in HTN with additive), while fermentation intensity remained low; SAT leaves showed a higher fermentability coefficient (44 vs. 28), consistent with better acidification. The HTN material proved suitable as a protein supplement for moderate\u2011energy diets, whereas SAT was limited to maintenance\u2011level feeding. Willow forage shows notable potential as a supplemental fodder resource for ruminant systems, although effective preservation requires additive use to maintain nutritional quality during storage.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-load-more-anchor\" data-page=\"1\" data-max-page=\"10\" data-next-page=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18639\/page\/2\/\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-pagination\" aria-label=\"Pagination\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"page-numbers prev\">Vorherige<\/span>\n<span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>1<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18639\/page\/2\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>2<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18639\/page\/3\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>3<\/a>\n<span class=\"page-numbers dots\">\u2026<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18639\/page\/10\/\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>10<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers next\" href=\"https:\/\/permakultur-landwirtschaft.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18639\/page\/2\/\">N\u00e4chste<\/a>\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e95ff7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3e95ff7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Publikationen rund um das Thema Permakultur-Landwirtschaft Erg\u00e4nzende Hinweise und Informationen nehmen wir sehr gerne entgegen unter Kontakt. Weitere Dokumente auf unserer Webseite sind hier zu finden. Weitere Webseiten mit interessanten Publikationen Permakultur: Diverse Arbeiten zur Ferme de Bec Hellouin in Frankreich Agroforst: IG Agroforst (Schweiz) Deutscher Fachverband f\u00fcr Agroforstwirtschaft DeFAF Abschlussarbeiten und Dissertationen Klartext Forschung [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34992,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18639","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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